Recent Volcanic Activity Observed & Research News

	Top Stories from 2020
	Taal spews lava in January 2020.
	Top Stories from 2019
	Raikoke erupts June 22, 2019
	Top Stories from 2018
	Sulfur dioxide from Okmok volcano 2018's Biggest Volcanic Eruption of Sulfur Dioxide
	Top Stories from 2017
	Russian volcanoe rumbles, (Kambalny, Kamchatka) The rise and fall of SO2 over Aruba First global maps of Volcanic Emissions Use NASA Satellite Data Volcano Breath: Measuring Sulfur Dioxide from Space
	Top Stories from 2016
	Sulfur dioxide from the burning Al-Mishraq sulfur facility in Iraq that was set on fire on October 20, 2016. Siberian river has turned red before, satellites show
	Top Stories from 2015
	Here is a movie of SO₂ from the eruption of the Calbuco volcano in Chile showing that some of it was trapped in the South Atlantic. The initial eruption occurred on APril 22, 2015.
	Top Stories from 2011
	Featured story on SO₂ pollution controls bring results on NASA's Earth Observatory. Composite image of OMI SO2 and Aqua MODIS visible image data on June 13 from Nabro, Eritrea on IAVCEI Remote Sensing Commission. (June 13, 2011) Featured story on aerosols travelling around the world in 8 days from Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (Chile) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (June 5-13, 2011)

	Top Stories from 2010
	Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Mount Merapi, Indonesia, measured by OMI on NASA's Earth Observatory. Featured story on smog over China (including SO₂ measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory.

	Top Stories from 2009
	NASA DAAC article "Experiment in the Sky" about observing volcanoes using NASA's A-Train satellites. Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Sarychev Peak, Matua, Kirile Islands, Russia, (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory. Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from La Cumbre on Isla Fernandina in the Galápagos Islands (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Measurements of sulfur dioxide over the Maritsa Iztok Complex (power plant) in Bulgaria on Jan 12, 2009.


	Top Stories from 2008
	Featured story on the eruption of Kasatochi (Alaska) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (August 2008) Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions measured by OMI of Kasatochi (Alaska) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (August 2008) Feature on pollution in China in the New York Times Dot Earth Blog. (August 2008) Featured story on SO₂ from Mount Hararo in Afar, Ethiopia from fissures August 2008 on NASA's Earth Observatory. Featured story on the eruption of Okmok (Alaska) on NASA's EOS Aura mission web site (July 2008). Featured story on the eruption of Okmok (Alaska) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (July 2008) Featured story on the eruption of Chaitén (Chile) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (May 2008) Featured story on continued degassing from Kilauea (Hawaii) on NASA's Earth Observatory. (April 2008) Featured story on anthropogenic SO₂ from a power plant in Bulgaria in NASA's Earth Observatory. (January 2008) Featured story on the SO₂ cloud produced by the eruption of Llaima (Chile) in January 2008 on NASA's Earth Observatory.

	Top Stories from 2007
	OMI tracks the SO₂ cloud produced by the eruption of Jebel al-Tair (Yemen) on Sept 30, 2007, the first eruption of this Red Sea volcano since 1883. Check under 'Special cases' for images. Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Noril'sk Russian Federation (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory web page
	Top Stories from 2006
	Featured story on the SO₂ cloud produced by the eruption of Nyamulagira (DR Congo) in December 2006 on NASA's Earth Observatory. Featured story on the SO₂ cloud produced by the eruption of Rabaul (PNG) in October 2006 on NASA's Earth Observatory. OMI tracked the SO2 cloud emitted by Soufriere Hills volcano (Montserrat) on May 20, 2006 as it traveled over half way around the globe - see the NASA Earth Observatory release OMI measurements of SO2 emissions from Nyiragongo (DR Congo) featured in a NOVA TV program on PBS OMI tracked the SO2 cloud emitted by Soufriere Hills volcano (Montserrat) on May 20, 2006 as it traveled over half way around the globe - see the NASA Earth Observatory release

	News from 2005
	Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Sierra Negra (Galapagos Is) (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Santa Ana, El Salvador (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Featured story on continued sulfur dioxide emissions from Anatahan (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Featured story on combined OMI/MLS observations of SO2 from Anatahan on NASA's Earth Observatory Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Ambrym volcano, Vanuatu (measured by OMI) on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Manam volcano measured by OMI on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Featured story on sulfur dioxide emissions from Anatahan (measured by OMI) causing vog alerts on Guam on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Click here for a PDF of the Iraq sulfur fire paper Nature news report of sulfur fire in Iraq detected by Earth Probe TOMS BBC Online report of sulfur fire in Iraq detected by Earth Probe TOMS Featured story on a sulfur dioxide pollution event in Iraq on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Featured story on Nyiragongo/Nyamuragira on NASA's Earth Observatory web page Click here for a paper on Nyamuragira's SO₂ emissions
	TOMS News
	News from 2003
	Sulfur dioxide from the burning sulfur facility in Qayyarah, Iraq that was set on fire on June 25, 2003. EP TOMS and the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) both detected a small SO2 cloud over Vanuatu (SW Pacific) in early January. The source volcano is yet to be identified but the cloud's location suggests that it originated from Lopevi or Ambrym, both recently active.
	News from 2002
	Sulfur dioxide from Congo volcanoes SO2 emissions from Nyiragongo were visible intermittently throughout December, continuing into 2003. Nyiragongo's lava lake reappeared in late November. EP TOMS tracked ash and SO2 emissions from Mt Etna beginning on October 27 and continuing for 8 days. Subsequently, an eruption of El Reventador in Ecuador on November 3 produced significant SO2 and ash clouds, followed by several days of persistent SO2 emissions. EP TOMS also detected a persistent SO2 anomaly associated with passive degassing at Nyiragongo (DR Congo). EP TOMS detected ash and SO2 produced by a small explosive eruption of Ruang volcano, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia, on September 25. Unfortunately, as the Nyamuragira eruption continued into August, Earth Probe TOMS entered Safe Hold Mode on August 2 at 0944 UTC, and collection of data was interrupted. See the TOMS project news page for details. Data collection resumed on August 12, meaning that TOMS unfortunately missed the latter part of the Nyamuragira eruption and another eruption at Pago volcano, Papua New Guinea. After a relatively quiet 6 months another eruption has begun in the DR Congo. This time the frequently active Nyamuragira (15 km NW of Nyiragongo) has erupted and produced a substantial SO2 cloud. We will track this eruption as it continues. Poster presented at the AGU Chapman Conference on Volcanism and the Earth's Atmosphere (Santorini, Greece, June 17-21) added to Library. Earth Probe TOMS detected a small amount of SO2 from the eruption of Nyiragongo (DR Congo) on January 17. Despite the severity of the eruption, relatively little SO2 seems to have been produced, particularly compared to the SO2 clouds typically emitted by neighbouring Nyamuragira during its eruptions. Click here to see a comparison between SO2 clouds from Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira (data have been resampled). Also see our featured story on NASA's Earth Observatory web page.
	News from 2001
	Poster presented at Origins, Emissions and Impacts of Volcanic Gases meeting (Geological Society of London, UK, October 2001) added to Library. QuikTOMS, the fifth TOMS satellite to be launched, unfortunately failed to achieve orbit on September 21. Click here for details. Earth Probe TOMS detected a small amount of SO2 in a volcanic cloud produced during a collapse of the Soufriere Hills lava dome on Montserrat on July 29. SO2 was detected NE of Puerto Rico on July 30, though no ash was detected. EP TOMS also sensed a weak ash and SO2 plume from Tungurahua (Ecuador) on August 6. Earth Probe TOMS did not detect any sulfur dioxide or aerosols from recent eruptions of Lopevi (Vanuatu; 7/8 June), Manam (Papua New Guinea; 25 June) and Mayon (Philippines; 24-25 June). Earth Probe TOMS detected sulfur dioxide in small eruption clouds from Ulawun (Papua New Guinea) on April 30 and from Popocatépetl (Mexico) on April 29. See the archive for images.
	News from 2000
	The eruption of Usu (Japan) was investigated with Earth Probe TOMS. The TOMS overpass at 02:10 UT (11:10 JST) on March 31, 2000 was prior to the phreatic eruption reported to begin at 13:10 JST. No SO2 was observed by TOMS. The high total ozone over the Usu region may be preventing detection of low level SO2 emissions; however, a stratospheric cloud would still be detected.